Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1 Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
2 Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Kathmandu, Nepal
3 Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna 800005, Bihar, India
Abstract
The influence of Au doping in ZnO thin films was studied with respect to photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). Influence of Au doping concentration onto PEC structural morphological, optical and luminescence properties of the ZnO thin films were thoroughly investigated. The maximum value of Isc and Voc for 3 at. % Au:ZnO thin films confirms the optimization of doping percentage. XRD and SEM were used to study the structure and morphology of the films. Films were nanocrystalline and exhibit a hexagonal crystal structure with no additional phases of gold compounds. For degradation of MB, Au:ZnO films were used as photoelectrode, it was observed that due to Au:ZnO 80% degradation of MB occurs in 150 min. Moreover, large area (100 cm2) Au doped ZnO thin films have been prepared on FTO coated glasses (10–15 Ω). Photocorrosion of ZnO electrode was examined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and no zinc was observed in AAS measurement. Copyright © 2017 VBRI Press.
Keywords
Luminescence of ZnO Films Grown on a Au (111) Support. J.
Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 10552−10557.
2.K. L. Foo, U. Hashim, C. H. Voon, Mohammad Kashif, and Md.
Eaqub Ali, “Au decorated ZnO thin film: application to DNA
sensing,” Microsystem Technologies-Micro-And Nanosystems-
Information Storage And Processing Systems, 2016, 22, 903–910.
3.N. Hongsith, C. Viriyaworasakul, P. Mangkorntong, N.
Mangkorntong, S. Choopun, Ethanol sensor based on ZnO and Au-
dopedZnO nanowires, Ceramics Int. 2008, 34, 823-826.
4.Fermin, D. J., Tiwari, D., Harniman, R., Griffiths, I., Cherns, D.,
Koehler, T.,Klenk, R.Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films Generated from a
Single Solution Based Precursor: The Effect of Na and Sb Doping
Chem. Mater., 2016, 28 (14), 4991–4997
5.Shined D. V. et al. Revisiting metal sulfide semiconductors: a
solution-based general protocol for thin film formation, Hall effect
measurement, and application prospects, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015,
25, 5739–5747.
6.C.O. Chey, X. Liu, H. Alnoor, O. Nur, M. Willander, Fast
piezoresistive sensor and UV photodetector based on Mn-doped
ZnO nanorods, Phys. Status Solidi RRL 2015, 9, 87–91.
7.H. Khallaf, G. Chai, O. Lupan, H. Heinrich, S. Park, A. Schulte, L.
Chow, Investigation of chemical bathdeposition of ZnO thin films
using six different complexing agents, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
2009, 42,135304.
8.W. Li, C. Kong, H. Ruan, G. Qin, G. Huang, T. Yang, W. Liang,
Y. Zhao, X. Meng, P. Yu, Electrical properties and Raman
scattering investigation ofAg doped ZnO thin films, Solid State
Commun. 2012, 152,147–150.
9.O. Lupan, L. Chow, G. Chai, A single ZnO tetrapod-based sensor,
Sens. Actuators B 2009, 141 ,511–517.
10.S. W. Lam, K . Chiang, T. M. Lim, R. Amal, G. K. C. Low, Appl.
Catal. B: Environ., 2007,72, 363.
11.G. Cheng, X. Wu, B. Liu, B. Li, X. Zhang, Z. Du, ZnO nanowire
Schottky barrier ultraviolet photodetector with high sensitivity and
fast recovery speed, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 99, 203105.
12.G. Chai, O. Lupan, E. Rusu, G. Stratan, V. Ursaki, V. S ̧ ontea, H.
Khallaf, L. Chow, Functionalized individual ZnO microwire for
natural gas detection, Sens. Actuators A 2012, 176,64–71.
13.O. Lupan, L. Chow, G. Chai, A single ZnO tetrapod-based sensor,
Sens. Actuators B 141 2009, 141,511–517.
14.O.Lupan,V.Cretu,M.Deng,D.Gedamu,I.Paulowicz,S.Kaps,Y.K.Mis
hra,O. Polonskyi, C. Zamponi, L.Kienle, Versatile growth of
freestanding orthorhombic α-molybdenum trioxide nano-and
microstructures by rapid thermal processing for gas nanosensors,
J.Phys.Chem.C 2014, 118, 15068–15078.
15.A. Mendoza-Galvan, C. Trejo-Cruz, J. Lee, D. Bhattacharyya, J.
Metson, P. Evans, U. Pal, Effect of metal-ion doping on the optical
properties of nanocrystalline ZnO thin films, J. Appl. Phys. 2006,
99, 014306.
16.Li, X. Zhao, W. Fan, Structural, electronic, and optical properties
of Ag-doped ZnO nanowires: first principles study, J. Phys. Chem.
C 2011,115, 3552–3557.
17.L. Chow, O. Lupan, G. Chai, H. Khallaf, L. Ono, B. Roldan
Cuenya, I. Tiginyanu, V. Ursaki, V. Sontea, A. Schulte, Synthesis
and characterization of Cu-doped ZnO one-dimensional structures
for miniaturized sensor applications with faster response, Sens.
Actuators A 2013,189,399–408.
18.D. Liu, Y. Lv, M. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Zhu, R. Zong, Y. Zhu, Defect-
related photoluminescence and photocatalytic properties of porous
ZnO nanosheets, J. Mater. Chem. A 2014,2, 15377–15388.
19.J. Dai, C. Xu, X. Xu, J. Guo, J. Li, G. Zhu, Y. Lin, Single ZnO
microrod ultraviolet photodetector with high photocurrent gain,
ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013,5, 9344–9348.
20.Q. Xiang, G. Meng, Y. Zhang, J. Xu, P. Xu, Q. Pan, and W. Yu;Ag
nanoparticle embedded-ZnO nanorods synthesized via a
photochemical method and its gas-sensing properties; Sensors
ActuatorsB: Chemical 2010, 2,635
21.D. H. Lee, K. H. Park, S. Kim, and S. Y. Lee; Effect of Ag doping
on the performance of ZnO thin film transistor; Thin Solid Films
2011,DOI:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.064 .
22.L. Cao, L. Zhu, J. Jiang, R. Zhao, Z. Ye, and B. Zhao; Highly
transparent and conducting fluorine-doped ZnO thin films prepared
by pulsed laser deposition; Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2011, 95,
894.
23.D. R. Sahu and J. L. Huang; Design of ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer
transparent conductive films; Material Science and Engineering B
2006, 130, 295and Y. Zheng, L.Zheng, Y.Zhan, X.Lin, Q.Zheng,
K.Wei, Ag/ZnO heterostructure nanocrystals: synthesis,
characterization, andphotocatalysis, Inorg.Chem.2007,46, 6980–
6986.
24.I.-S.Hwang,J.-K.Choi,H.-S.Woo,S.-J.Kim,S.-Y.Jung,T.-
Y.Seong,I.-D.Kim,J.-H. Lee, Facilecontrol of C2H5OH sensing
characteristics by decorating discrete Ag nanoclusterson SnO2
nanowire networks, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2011,3, 3140–
3145.
25.Y. Jin, J. Wang, B. Sun, J.C. Blakesley, N.C. Greenham, Solution-
processed ultraviolet photodetectors based on colloidal ZnO
nanoparticles, Nano Lett. 2008,8, 1649–1653.
26.H. Kind, H. Yan, B. Messer, M. Law, P. Yang, Nanowire
ultraviolet photodetectors and optical switches, Adv. Mater.
2002,14, 158–160.
27.G. Chai, O. Lupan, L. Chow, H. Heinrich, Crossed zinc oxide
nanorods for ultraviolet radiation detection, Sens. Actuators A
2009, 150, 184–187.
28.J. Goldberger, D.J. Sirbuly, M. Law, P. Yang, ZnO nanowire
transistors, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 9–14.
29.Y. K. Mishra, S. Mohapatra, R. Singhal, D. K. Avasthi, D.C.
Agarwal, S. B. Ogle, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92, 043107.
30.S.-T. Kuo, W.-H. Tuan, J. Shieh, S.-F. Wang, Effect of Ag on the
microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO, J. Eur. Ceram.
Soc. 2007,27, 4521–4527.
31.L. Cao, L. Zhu, J. Jiang, R. Zhao, Z. Ye, and B. Zhao; Highly
transparent and conducting fluorine-doped ZnO thin films prepared
by pulsed laser deposition; Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2011. 95,
894.