Authors
1 Electronics Telecommunication and Computer Dept. ISEL/IPL, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1949-014 Lisboa, Portugal
2 CTS-UNINOVA, Quinta da Torre, Monte da Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
3 DEE-FCT-UNL, Quinta da Torre, Monte da Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
4 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
Abstract
In this paper the use of Visible Light Communication (VLC) in Vehicle Communication Systems is analyzed. The system aims to ensure communication between LED based emitters and SiC based receivers located at the vehicles. The proposed smart lighting system combines the functions of lighting, positioning, and communications. The SiC receivers is used as a encoder/decoder device. This photosensitive element features active filter properties, it multiplexes the modulated polychromatic signal coming from the LEDs in an electrical signal, performs multiplexing/demultiplexing techniques and decode the received information. A traffic scenario is established and two connected vehicular communications simulated. Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V) follow by Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications are analyzed. In the V2V communication, the emitter is based on the front headlights of the vehicle, while for the study of the I2V communication system, the emitter was built on the streetlights. The VLC receiver acts as a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) and increases the signal conditioning capability to decode the transmitted information. Each receiver is a two terminal p-i'(a-SiC:H)-n/p-i(a-Si:H)-n heterostructure located on both the tails and on the top roof of vehicles. The spectral sensitivity of the receiver and its optical gain are analyzed. For message transmission, the individual chips of the white trichromatic RGB LEDs are modulated acting, for data transfer, as individual VLC channels. A violet LED is used for error control and to identify the ID position of the transmitter. Free space is the medium of transmission. An on-off modulation scheme (OOK) is used to transmit data. An algorithm for decoding information is established. The connected I2V2V system was tested. The experimental results show that using white modulated LEDs for lighting and data transmission and a SiC WDM device to decode the information is possible to build a VLC vehicular system that ensures de communication between the outside infrastructures and the cars. Copyright © 2018 VBRI Press.
Keywords
"Analytical Model for Connectivity in Vehicular Ad Hoc
Networks",IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2008,
57,3341.
LED-to-LED Visible Light Communication system with
software-based synchronization,” in 2012 IEEE Globecom
Workshops,2012,1264.
3.O’Brien, D., Minh, H. L., Zeng, L., Faulkner, G., Lee, K., Jung,
D., Oh, Y., and Won, E. T., “Indoor Visible Light
Communications: Challenges and Prospects,”Proc. SPIE 7091,
2008, 709106.
4.Vieira, M., Louro, P., Fernandes, M., Vieira, M. A., Fantoni A.,
and Costa, J., “Three Transducers Embedded into One Single
SiC Photodetector: LSP Direct Image Sensor, Optical Amplifier
and Demux Device” Advances in Photodiodes InTech,Chap.19,
2011,403.
5.Vieira,M.A., Louro, P., Vieira, M., Fantoni, A., and Steiger-
Garção, A.,“Light-activated amplification in Si-C tandem
devices: A capacitive active filter model” IEEE Sensor Jornal,
2012,12, NO. 6,1755.
6.Vieira, M. A.,Vieira,M.,Vieira,P.,Louro, P., “Optical signal
processing for a smart vehicle lighting system using a-SiCH
technology” Proc. SPIE10231,Optical Sensors,2017,
102311L.
7.Hamming, R. W., ‘‘Error detecting and error correcting codes’’,
Bell Syst. Tech. J. 1960,29,147.
8.Vieira, M. A., Vieira, M., Silva, V., Louro, P., Costa, J.,
“Optical signal processing for data error detection and
correction using
a-SiCH technology” Phys. Status Solidi C,2015,12,1393.
DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201510139)
9.Vieira, M. A., Vieira, M., Silva, V., Louro, P., Costa, J.,
“Optical signal processing for data error detection and
correction using
a-SiCH technology” Phys. Status Solidi C 12,2015, No. 12,
1393.
DOI:10.1002/pssc.201510139)
10.Vieira,M. A., Louro, P., Vieira, M., Fantoni, A., and Steiger-
Garção,A., “Light-activated amplification in Si-C tandem
devices: A capacitive active filter model” IEEE sensor jornal,
2012,NO. 6,1755.
11.Vieira, M., Louro, P., Fernandes, M., Vieira, M. A., Fantoni, A.,
and Costa J., “Three Transducers Embedded into One Single
SiC Photodetector: LSP Direct Image Sensor, Optical Amplifier
and Demux Device”, Advances in Photodiodes, InTech,2011,
Chap.19,403.
12.Vieira, M. A., Vieira, M., Louro, P., Silva, V. “Error Detection
on a Spectral Data Using an Optical Processor Based on a-SiC
Technology” Sensors & Transducers,2015,Vol. 184,Issue 1,
116.
13.Vieira, M. A., Vieira, M., Silva, V., Louro, P. and Barata, M.,
“Optoelectronic logic functions using optical bias controlled
SiC multilayer devices”. MRS Proceedings,2013, 1536, 9.