Trupti Kekare; Dhananjay Bhatkhande; Tanushree Bhattacharjee; Shraddha Khamparia
Abstract
Microbial contamination in drinking water proves to be a sustainable threat to human health. Several methods are being utilized for disinfecting contaminated drinking water varies from simple boiling method to advanced technologies such as membrane technologies (Micro filtration, Ultra filtration, Reverse ...
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Microbial contamination in drinking water proves to be a sustainable threat to human health. Several methods are being utilized for disinfecting contaminated drinking water varies from simple boiling method to advanced technologies such as membrane technologies (Micro filtration, Ultra filtration, Reverse osmosis). Various chemical methods practiced are chlorination, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, bromine, and peracetic acid treatment. Chemical disinfectants lead to formation of toxic by-product which degrade the quality of water. The present review paper discusses alternative methods for chemical disinfection of potable water.
Ayesha Dhawas; Dhananjay Bhatkhande; Shraddha Khamparia; Priya Nakade
Abstract
Substantial contamination of heavy metals in drinking water has been an issue to consumers since long. The persisting contamination level has been monitored by various agencies and researchers, which direct towards constant deterioration of water quality. The quality of water is degrading exponentially ...
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Substantial contamination of heavy metals in drinking water has been an issue to consumers since long. The persisting contamination level has been monitored by various agencies and researchers, which direct towards constant deterioration of water quality. The quality of water is degrading exponentially from rural to urban areas in a significant manner. Industrial effluents, sewage and agricultural waste are the prime sources of contamination of water resources. Various heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and copper may be present in industrial effluents. Though different methods such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane filtration, coagulation – flocculation and electro dialysis are known, amongst which adsorption being the most versatile and economically viable has been extensively adopted by various researchers for trace level of concentrations. In this review, several low cost adsorbents are reported in the literature have been studied at length. Different types of adsorbents like nanosorbent, biosorbents, carbonaceous material and metal based adsorbents have been considered for the review paper. The review paper evaluates the possibilities of utilizing various adsorbents for efficient removal of different heavy metals from water. Study reflected towards remarkable adsorption capacity, efficiency and cost effectiveness of adsorbents utilized by researchers. The boundless use of low cost adsorbents for treatment of wastewater are strongly recommended due to their availability,